Risk factors
These factors can increase risk of anemia:
A diet that doesn’t have enough of certain vitamins and minerals. Not getting enough iron, vitamin B-12 and folate increases the risk of anemia.
Problems with the small intestine. Having a condition that affects how the small intestine takes in nutrients increases the risk of anemia. Examples are Crohn’s disease and celiac disease.
Menstrual periods. In general, having heavy periods can create a risk of anemia. Having periods causes the loss of red blood cells.
Pregnancy. Pregnant people who don’t take a multivitamin with folic acid and iron are at an increased risk of anemia.
Ongoing, called chronic, conditions. Having cancer, kidney failure, diabetes or another chronic condition increases the risk of anemia of chronic disease. These conditions can lead to having too few red blood cells.
Slow, chronic blood loss from an ulcer or other source within the body can use up the body’s store of iron, leading to iron deficiency anemia.
Family history. Having a family member with a type of anemia passed through families, called inherited, can increase the risk of inherited anemias, such as sickle cell anemia.
Other factors. A history of certain infections, blood diseases and autoimmune conditions increases the risk of anemia. Drinking too much alcohol, being around toxic chemicals, and taking some medicines can affect the making of red blood cells and lead to anemia.
Age. People over age 65 are at increased risk of anemia.
